Turchia - Topic ufficiale

[Gabriele]

Vorrei analizzare, con l'aiuto degli esperti militari, ma anche politici del forum, questo paese.

Non mi interessa, francamente, la sua adesione o meno alla UE, visto che la UE per me è destinata comunque a fallire come progetto di stato unitario. Mi interessa invece analizzare da un punto di vista storico, ma soprattutto le sue propaggini contemporanee, il pensiero turco oggi sulla Grecia e sugli stati balcanici un tempo annessi, sulla loro legittimità dal punto di vista sia intellettuale, che del turco di strada, e dei rapporti con il pan arabismo o i fratelli di lingua turcomanna caucasici ma anche molto al di là, verso oriente.

[Andrea75]

Noto questo vecchio topic, caduto in disuso. Ne approfitteri (salvo diverso avviso dei moderatori) per postare una notizia 'militare' su questo paese

 

Turkish Armed Forces have begun working on a project to develop an intercontinental ballistic missile (ICBM).

 

A decision to launch the project was made in a July 17 meeting of the Defense Industry Executive Board, headed by Prime Minister Recep Tayyip Erdoğan and Chief of General Staff Gen. Necdet Özel. Erdoğan had previously requested that the military develop missiles with a 2,500-kilometer range.

 

The board decided to form a satellite launch center that would have a two-fold effect on Turkey's aerospace and military endeavors. First, the center will enable Turkey to place its own satellites in orbit, and second, the center will allow the Turkish military to launch missiles that can navigate outside of the Earth's atmosphere. Attaining an ICBM launch capability is reportedly the chief aim of the satellite launch center.

[madmike]

il link non è chiarissimo: si parla di ICBM e di gittata di 2500 km, segnalando appunto che con quella gittata non è un ICBM....

 

Peraltro la Turchia se non mi sbaglio ha firmato il trattato di non proliferazione, e un ICBM a testata convenzionale è un assurdo.

 

ci sono altre fonti?

Modificato 6 Agosto 2012 da madmike

[Andrea75]

Aggiungo altri tre link

 

Turkey begins work on ICBM

 

Turkey to produce ICBMs

 

Turkey begins work on ICBM

 

sono fonti di stampa. Purtoppo non conosco il turco e non ho potuto verificare i siti istituzionali.

 

Rigardo alla gittata: credo che l'ICBM sia l'obiettivo finale. Se ho ben interpretato, il missile citato negli articoli (raggio di 2500 Km = Missile balistico a medio raggio) dovrebbe essere uno step intermedio.

 

Ruguardo all'utilità per la Turchia, mi sono posto alcune domande:

 

- non possiede armi nucleari con cui armare un ICBM, per cui rimarrebbe un ICBM convenzionale;

- la Turchia è membro NATO. Che necessità ha di un ICBM? Verso quali stati li punterà?

- lo sviluppo autoctono di questa tecnologia può essere propedeutico al settore spaziale?

Modificato 6 Agosto 2012 da Andrea75

[madmike]

dal link pare che uno degli scopi sia la possibilità di mettere satelliti in orbita.

 

Su tutto il resto, mi pare ci sia molta, molta confusione. Peraltro un ICBM a testata convenzionale è un assurdo tecnico.

 

Vedremo se questa cosa verrà ripresa con dovizia di particolari.

[Andrea75]

ancora fonti giornalistiche, ma in italiano

 

La Turchia sviluppa missili balistici

 

La Turchia pronta a dotarsi di capacità missilistiche balistiche

[Andrea75]

Does the EU still have leverage on questions of freedom of expression in Turkey?

 

Turkish-Israeli Relations in a Changing Strategic Environment

 

Conclusions

The Arab Spring is not only transforming polities, but is also decisively changing the strategic landscape of the Middle East. This analysis has shown that with Egypt embarking on a more

balanced foreign policy course instead of the close alignment with the US, with the Syrian civil war increasingly spilling over into the whole Levant and with escalating Israeli-Iranian

tensions, it is in Israel’s interest to mend fences with Turkey. Ankara, on its part, has an interest in cooperating with Israel on security issues arising from the Syrian crisis. Thus, it is likely

that an Israeli apology would be welcomed in Ankara, and the US and EU should urge the Netanyahu government to provide it. Such an apology would also have the positive side-effect

of projecting a more conciliatory image of Israel in this highly sensitive region. Turkey could then re-assume its regional brokering role, which is precisely what makes it so precious to the EU and US, especially now. Thus, they could do more to enhance this role, by relying on Ankara more concretely in negotiations with Iran, by cooperating more closely with Turkey and Israel on solving the crisis in Syria in the framework of international law, and by backing Turkey as a role model for emerging regional powers like Egypt.

 

 

La Turchia trema davanti all’attentato di Sultangazi

Modificato 20 Settembre 2012 da Andrea75

[Simone]

La Turchia, se non vado errato, è un Paese che ha il suo tessuto industriale, magari non con volumi comparabili con quelli dei Paesi più prosperi, però non disprezzabile, soprattutto per quanto riguarda la chimica e la componentistica.

Anni fa si era parlato di "missioni tecnologiche" in terra di Russia da parte di Paesi emergenti, interessati ad avere una propria tecnologia spaziale senza dipendere da altri, alla ricerca di progetti ed ingegneri riguardanti soprattutto lo "Scalpel" a combustibile solido,però che io sappia non sembra si sia concluso alcunchè.

[Andrea75]

Sempre riguardo agli sviluppi balisitici turchi Turkey's New Ballistic Missile Program Raises Eyebrows and Concerns

[Andrea75]

La Turchia riceve un altro stop da Bruxelles

 

Il commissario europeo per l’allargamento Stefan Füle ha reso pubblico ad inizio ottobre il rapporto annuale sul processo di integrazione dei paesi del sud-est Europa nell’Unione Europea, frenando nuovamente sull’ingresso della Turchia. Ankara è stata bocciata per non avere adottato sufficienti riforme in materia di diritti umani, diritto di espressione e tutela delle minoranze.

[Andrea75]

In Turchia il record mondiale di giornalisti in carcere: sono 76

 

Allarme del Comitato per la protezione dei giornalisti: situazione peggiore che in Cina, Iran ed Eritrea

[Andrea75]

Turks Might Cancel Long-Range Air Defense System

 

Turkey’s highest defense body might decide to indefinitely postpone the country’s $4 billion air defense program, effectively killing it, sources and observers said.

In addition to analysts’ criticism that the long-range air and missile defense system is too expensive, other recent developments have raised questions about the project.

[Andrea75]

Segnalo il rapporto UE su TURKEY 2012 PROGRESS REPORT

 

e questo articolo La Turchia festeggia la Repubblica ma non risolve il mistero Ergenekon

 

 

Turkey Is No Partner for Peace

 

The United States is counting on Turkey to help oust the Syrian regime and bring about a pluralistic government. But Ankara, whose Sunni leadership sees Syria’s conflict in sectarian terms, is not on board.

Modificato 30 Ottobre 2012 da Andrea75

[Andrea75]

EU will lose Turkey if it hasn't joined by 2023: Erdogan

 

The European Union will lose Turkey if it doesn't grant it membership by 2023, Turkish Prime Minister Tayyip Erdogan said on Tuesday.

 

 

In Turkey, a Break From the Past Plays Out in the Streets

Modificato 31 Ottobre 2012 da Andrea75

[Andrea75]

ANKARA AUMENTA LE SPESE MILITARI

 

Il governo turco ha annunciato un consistente aumento delle spese militari che nel 2013 raggiungeranno i 45,3 miliardi di nuove lire (20 miliardi di euro), sei miliardi in più rispetto all’anno in corso. L’incremento record, pari al 16,3 per cento, viene spalmato sui bilanci delle forze armate (+ 11,8 per cento) , dell’intelligence e della sicurezza interna e guardia costiera e viene giustificato dalla recrudescenza delle operazioni contro il movimento curdo PKK e dal crescente coinvolgimento turco nella guerra civile siriana che vede Ankara intenzionata a schierare lungo il confine i missili antiaerei e antimissile Patriot per contrastare le forze aeree di Damasco. La spesa militare turca è in realtà ancora più elevata di quanto non dicano i dati resi noti poiché tutto il procurement, cioè l’acquisizione di nuove armi ed equipaggiamenti dall’industria nazionale o all’estero è coperta da fondi ad hoc assegnati al Sottosegretariato per l’Industria della Difesa la cui entità non viene solitamente rivelata. Considerato che la Turchia è impegnata in ampi programmi di ammodernamento militare che prevedono nei prossimi anni anche l’acquisizione di 100 cacciabombardieri F-35 e di un nuovo sistema di difesa antimissile è probabile che a questo settore vengano assegnati 4/5 miliardi di euro annui portando così il budget della Difesa turco vicino a quello dei più grandi Paesi europei e Nato. Il bilancio deve passare ora al vaglio del Parlamento turco che solo in rari casi ha contestato e modificato i programmi finanziari militari come ricorda il Jane’s Defence Weekly. In ambito NATO la Turchia è l’unico Paese che aumenta le spese militari insieme alla Polonia

anch’essa impegnata in un ampio ammodernamento che ha visto crescere progressivamente il budget dai 20 miliardi di zloty del 2007 ai 27,2 miliardi del 2011 fino ai 29,5 quest’anno (7,2 miliardi di euro) con una pianificazione di spesa che prevede di arrivare a 40 miliardi (euro 9,6 mld) nel 2017. Quasi tutti gli Stati membri della NATO, inclusa la Gran Bretagna e le nazioni dell’area euro, hanno tagliato i budget militari mentre Francia e Germania li hanno mantenuti inalterati intorno ai 30/31 miliardi di euro, più del doppio di quanto spende l’Italia.

[Andrea75]

NATO to weigh Turkey missile request as 'matter of urgency'

 

NATO chief Anders Fogh Rasmussen today said the alliance would consider a request from Turkey to deploy Patriot anti-missile batteries along its border border with Syria "as a matter of urgency", AFP has reported.

Rasmussen, arriving for a meeting of European Union defence ministers, said NATO had received no formal request from NATO-member Turkey to date but added that if one was made, "we will consider that as a matter of urgency".

German Defence Minister Thomas de Maiziere said earlier that he expected a request on Monday from Turkey, whose border villages have been hit by artillery fire as forces loyal to Damascus battle rebels seeking to oust President Bashar al-Assad.

"The situation on the Syria-Turkey border is of great concern," said Rasmussen.

"We have all the plans ready to defend and protect Turkey if needed. The plans will be adjusted if necessary to ensure effective protection of Turkey." Rasmussen said there was no question currently of imposing a no-fly zone with the back-up of the Patriot missiles.

"The Patriot missiles would be a purely defensive measure to defend Turkey." He also said it was "premature" to comment on German reports that Berlin planned to send 170 soldiers to Turkey to man the missiles.

But he added: "Turkey can count on allied solidarity".

...

The consultations with NATO and its leading members over the deployment of Patriot defense systems are still underway, Turkish diplomatic sources have said, neither confirming nor denying a German daily’s claim that Turkey’s official request will be conveyed today.

...

In continental Europe only Germany and the Netherlands have these systems, and it was the latter which twice provided Patriots to Turkey during the first and second Iraqi war. Diplomatic sources see Germany, who has more of these systems, as the potential donor in the current situation. “The Netherlands sent 360 troops for the deployment of these systems in the second Iraq war. So it’s only natural to see a number of foreign troops stationed temporarily only for the deployment of this system,” sources said.

[Andrea75]

German Patriot Missiles Could Defend Turkey

 

Turkey is expected to ask NATO to deploy German Patriot air defense missiles on its border with Syria. That would be the first foreign deployment for a unit originally intended to protect against a Soviet threat.

 

You never know what a day at work will bring when you’re part of the military’s missile defense unit, said Major Sven Evers of the Husum-based anti-aircraft missile squadron. Evers and his soldiers monitor airspace and train for the possibility of being called on to shoot down an enemy jet. With just over an hour’s notice, the troops’ launcher is ready to fire.

[Andrea75]

Turkey, Syria and the Kurds: There Goes the Neighborhood

 

The tension had been brewing long before the Akçakale tragedy. Relations between Damascus and Ankara had turned sour after the first wave of protests that swept across Syria in the spring of 2011, deteriorated further after Turkey opened its doors to the Syrian opposition in exile and the insurgent Free Syrian Army, and reached a critical point when Syria downed a Turkish fighter jet on 22 June this year. The skyrocketing number of Syrian refugees fleeing the fighting had also become a factor.

With Turkish camps home to over 100,000 refugees, and with the UNHCR predicting the arrival of up to 180,000 more by the end of the year, Ankara repeatedly called on the UN to create a safe haven in Syria.

However, nothing appeared to have stoked the Erdoğan government’s anxiety about the fallout from Syria more than the news, which came at the end of July, that Bashar al

Assad’s forces had partially withdrawn from Kurdish majority areas in the country’s northeast, near the border with Turkey. It was on the heels of such reports – and not after Akçakale,

it needs pointing out – that Erdoğan first publicly considered the idea of armed intervention in Syria. When it emerged that the Kurdish takeover of several northeastern towns had been

spearheaded by the Democratic Union Party (PYD), the Syrian affiliate of the Kurdistan Workers’ Party (PKK), Erdoğan warned that “intervening would be our most natural right.”

Erdoğan’s remarks, and the accompanying media storm, were a telling sign of the extent to which Turkey’s Syria policy is, and will be, indexed to what Turks refer to the “Kurdish issue” - shorthand for Turkey’s continuing struggle to accommodate its own Kurdish minority and to defeat the PKK’s thirty year longinsurgency.

For better or worse, Ankara believes that Kurdish autonomy inside Syria could become a major threat to Turkey’s territorial integrity, fanning the flames of Kurdish separatism at home and offering the PKK new bases, in addition to those in Iran and northern Iraq, from which to hit Turkish targets. In the long term, the thinking in Ankara goes, it could also transform the idea of a Greater Kurdistan – comprising Kurdish areas in Turkey, Iraq, Iran and Syria – from pipedream to possibility

[Andrea75]

ora è ufficiale Statement by the NATO Secretary General on Patriot Missile Deployment to Turkey

 

I have received a letter from the Turkish government requesting the deployment of Patriot missiles. Such a deployment would augment Turkey’s air defence capabilities to defend the population and territory of Turkey. It would contribute to the de-escalation of the crisis along NATO’s south-eastern border. And it would be a concrete demonstration of Alliance solidarity and resolve.

 

In its letter, the Turkish government stressed that the deployment will be defensive only, and that it will in no way support a no-fly zone or any offensive operation.

 

NATO will discuss Turkey’s request without delay. If approved, the deployment would be undertaken in accordance with NATO’s standing air defence plan. It is up to the individual NATO countries that have available Patriots - Germany, the Netherlands and the United States - to decide if they can provide them for deployment in Turkey and for how long. Next week a joint team will visit Turkey to conduct a site-survey for the possible deployment of Patriots.

 

The security of the Alliance is indivisible. NATO is fully committed to deterring against any threats and defending Turkey’s territorial integrity.

[Andrea75]

Russia warns Turkey against Patriot missiles

 

Russia has expressed its concern over the militarization of the Turkish-Syrian border, the VoR correspondent Polina Chernitsa has cited the Foreign Ministry spokesman Alexander Lukashevich who commented on Turkey’s request to deploy Patriot missiles on the Syrian border.

 

 

Russia: Patriot missile deployment at Syria-Turkey border would be 'alarming'

 

The Russian Foreign Ministry has expressed strong reservations against Ankara’s announcement that it is requesting Patriot missiles from NATO to deploy along the Turkey-Syria border.

"Militarization of the Syrian-Turkish border is an alarming signal,” Foreign Ministry spokesperson Alexander Lukashevich said during a news conference in the Russian capital on Thursday.

The diplomat advised Turkey to instead promote dialogue between Damascus and the Syrian opposition.

“We have a different recommendation for our Turkish colleagues: they should use their influence on the Syrian opposition to promote the soonest beginning of the inter-Syrian dialogue," he said.

Syria is experiencing a protracted conflict between a rebel opposition and forces loyal to President Bashar Assad. Some of this violence has spilled over into Turkish territory.

In October, Turkey fired artillery into Syria after stray shells from the conflict hit the Turkish border town of Akcakale, killing five civilians.

Moscow, which has actively engaged both the Syrian opposition and government officials, is increasingly concerned that the situation along the Turkish-Syrian border may spiral out of control.

The ministry spokesman strongly advised Turkey against “building muscle or putting the situation on such a dangerous track."

However, Lukashevich remained cautious when asked how the situation might play out. "Let's wait for a reaction from our NATO partners," he said.

Meanwhile, although the ministry spokesman did not openly state it, Moscow will certainly be concerned by any additional attempts by NATO to militarize the region.

Moscow and Washington are already at loggerheads over NATO efforts to install a US missile defense system in Eastern Europe. Russia has warned of “another arms race” unless an agreement is reached.

[Andrea75]

Russia Opposes NATO Missiles In Turkey

 

Russia has said it opposes the potential deployment of NATO missiles in Turkey. Proponents say the move could help secure Turkey's border with Syria, currently embroiled in civil war.

Russian Foreign Ministry spokesman Alexander Lukashevich voiced Moscow's concern over NATO's possible deployment of Patriot missiles near the Turkey-Syria border Thursday, saying it "would not foster stability in the region."

Lukashevich added that "the militarization of the Turkish-Syrian border is an alarming signal."

Turkey had earlier asked NATO to deploy the missiles in response to the Syrian shelling of border towns in recent months. Turkey has repeatedly scrambled fighter jets in response to the shelling, which stems from the Syrian civil war that has killed some 38,000 people since the uprising against President Bashar Assad began in March 2011.

Discussing the proposal

NATO ambassadors met on Wednesday to discuss Turkey's request after weeks of talks between the two sides. Turkey sees the move as a way to strengthen security along its 560-mile (900-kilometer) border with Syria.

German Patriot missiles could defend Turkey

Turkey is expected to ask NATO to deploy German Patriot air defense missiles on its border with Syria. That would be the first foreign deployment for a unit originally intended to protect against a Soviet threat. (19.11.2012)

[Andrea75]

Turkey confronts a resurgent Kurdish threat

 

This town of 19,000 nestled in an idyllic mountain pass of impossibly green pastures and golden autumn trees is on the front lines of Turkey’s rapidly escalating guerrilla war.

In a struggle for autonomy as well as independent language and education rights, the outlawed Kurdistan Workers’ Party (PKK) has waged a low-grade conflict in Turkey for decades. But in recent months, the group has reemerged as a stronger, better equipped and increasingly organized force that is now in the midst of one of its bloodiest campaigns since the worst days of the conflict in the 1990s.

The rebels, observers say, appear to be taking a cue from the recent Arab uprisings, seeking to inspire a “Kurdish Spring” among segments of a stateless ethnic group numbering roughly 30 million and traditionally living in parts of Turkey, Syria, Iran and Iraq. The campaign is presenting a major security risk for Turkey at a time when this strategically vital NATO member is also pushing for a limited international intervention against the government of Syrian President Bashar al-Assad, who Turkish officials see as being at least partly responsible for the mounting PKK threat.

As Assad’s grip on Syria has loosened during the civil war, a Syrian Kurdish faction allied with the PKK has established itself as a de facto administration in a growing number of northern cities and towns. Some analysts and diplomats suggest that Assad may be tactically ceding lands to Kurdish rebels there, allowing Syria to become a transit point for weapons and fighters targeting Turkey, which has called for his immediate ouster. Others suggest that Assad, struggling to quell a broader uprising, has simply been unable to prevent the group’s spread.

Either way, the rising strength of Kurdish rebels in the region is fueling a bloody uptick in Turkey’s long-simmering guerrilla war. The death toll in Turkey has climbed to at least 490 in the past 10 and a half months, making this the conflict’s deadliest year since at least 1999, according to International Crisis Group, a Brussels-based nongovernmental organization.

Here in Semdinli, near the mountainous border with Iran and Iraq, a massive truck bomb went off Nov. 4 just as a Turkish army tank rolled by. Marking the worst bombing here since 2005, the explosion sent hot shrapnel raining down on revelers leaving a wedding party, killing an 11-year-old boy, wounding 24 others and blowing out windows and storefronts for blocks.

...

 

[Andrea75]

Syria cautions on Patriots, NATO reassures Kremlin

 

Trying to allay Moscow‘s fears over the deployment of Patriot missiles along Turkey’s Syria border, Ankara and NATO simultaneously reassure Russia that Patriots are for defensive purposes.

Syria has reacted angrily to Turkey’s desire to deploy NATO Patriot missiles along the countries’ shared border, calling the move a “provocation” amid alliance attempts to assure Moscow that the action is merely defensive.

“Syria holds [Turkey’s premier] responsible for the militarization of the situation on the border between Syria and Turkey, and the increase of tension and destruction to the detriment of the Syrian and Turkish peoples,” a Syrian Foreign Ministry official said in a recently released statement. Russia has also called the planned deployment “very wrong.”

Ankara and NATO have reiterated that the deployment of Patriot missiles in Turkey along the Syrian border is for defensive purposes only, in a bid to ease Moscow’s fears.

“There is no situation which requires any country, particularly Russia, to express any concern on this issue,” Foreign Minister Ahmet Davutoğlu said Nov. 23, stressing that missiles would be located there solely for defensive purposes.

The minister stressed that those aware of the technical details of the issue, including Russia, know that this is a defense system. On the other hand, Prime Minister Recep Tayyip Erdoğan has described Russia’s harsh reaction to NATO’s deployment of Patriot missiles near Turkey’s border with Syria as “very wrong,” saying that such a reaction almost amounted to an intervention in Turkey’s domestic affairs.

 

 

Erdoğan calls Russia's Patriot reaction 'very wrong'

 

Prime Minister Recep Tayyip Erdoğan has described Russia's harsh reaction to NATO’s deployment of Patriot missiles near Turkey's border with Syria as “very wrong,” and said such a reaction almost amounted to intervening in Turkey's domestic affairs.

Erdoğan's remarks came late Thursday while speaking to journalists on board a plane en route from Pakistan to Turkey.

“I find Russia's statements very wrong. Its approach of trying to show Turkey's internal affairs - which it is not involved with - as a matter of its own [interest] is wrong. The issue is the placement of missiles for defense purpose,” Erdoğan was quoted as saying in remarks published Friday by daily Milliyet.

While speaking in Pakistan earlier on Thursday, Erdoğan underlined that the deployment was for defensive purposes only.

“This is a measure being taken against certain possible attacks from [the Syrian] side,” Erdoğan said.

Yet in Moscow, Russia's Foreign Ministry warned Turkey against using the Patriots for “muscle flexing.”

“The militarization of the Syrian-Turkish border is an alarming signal,” spokesman Alexander Lukashevich said. “We have different advice for our Turkish colleagues -- use their influence with the Syrian opposition to accelerate the start of a political dialogue.”

[Andrea75]

... nonostante le pressioni Russe NATO agrees to augment Turkey’s air-defence capabilities

 

NATO ministers of foreign affairs agreed to augment Turkey’s air defence capabilities by deploying Patriot missiles at a meeting in Brussels today (4 December).

 

The situation along NATO’s south-eastern border and the repeated violations of Turkey’s territory raise grave concern, NATO foreign ministers said in a statement.

 

Ministers declared their determination to deter threats to, and defend, Turkey. They welcomed the intention of Germany, the Netherlands and the United States to provide Patriot missile batteries, subject to their respective national procedures. Once deployed, the systems will be under the operational command of NATO’s Supreme Allied Commander in Europe (SACEUR).

 

“Turkey has asked for NATO’s support, and we stand with Turkey in the spirit of strong solidarity,” NATO Secretary General Anders Fogh Rasmussen said in a press conference.

 

“To the Turkish people we say: we are determined to defend you and your territory. To anyone who would want to attack Turkey we say don’t even think about it”, he said.

 

The Secretary General stressed that the deployment will be defensive only, will in no way support a no-fly zone or any offensive operation and will contribute to the de-escalation of the crisis along the Alliance’s border.

 

The agreement follows consultations in the framework of Article 4 of the North Atlantic Treaty held at Turkey’s request. The North Atlantic Council will regularly assess the developing situation and the implementation of deployment.

 

“NATO’s ultimate task is the protection and defence of our members. Today, we underline once again our steadfast commitment to the security of this Alliance and our full solidarity and resolve to protect our populations and territories,” Mr Rasmussen underlined.

 

Mr Rasmussen said that NATO Foreign ministers unanimously expressed grave concern over reports that the Syrian regime may be considering the use of chemical weapons and underlined that any such action would be completely unacceptable and a clear breach of international law.

 

Ministers also discussed the way the Alliance works with countries and organisations from around the world to improve shared security.

 

“Partnerships are at the core of NATO’s business. Partner countries have played a significant role in all our recent operations”, the Secretary General noted.

 

Ministers reconfirmed the Alliance’s commitment to the Open Door policy and stressed NATO’s determination to continue helping countries that aspire to join the Alliance to move closer to achieving their aspirations.

[Andrea75]

Turchia, via libera ai Patriot Nato: l’Alleanza resta coesa

 

Non è ancora chiaro quante batterie di missili saranno schierate lungo i 900 km di confine tra Turchia e Siria. Sembra invece ormai certo che Ankara riceverà i nuovi Patriot PAC 3, la versione migliorata e aggiornata per la difesa aerea antimissile. Una scelta opportuna dato che ad oggi il pericolo maggiore per la Turchia è che qualche proiettile vagante sconfini e colpisca il proprio territorio. In quest’ottica, lo schieramento dei Patriot sembra decisamente eccessivo: i missili sono centinaia di volte più costosi dei proiettili che dovranno distruggere, rendendo il rapporto costo-beneficio insopportabile.

 

Il vero guadagno per la Turchia non è dunque un aumento della propria sicurezza, ma il riconoscimento del ruolo e dell’importanza all’interno della Nato. In questi trenta giorni di attesa Ankara ha forzato l’Alleanza a prendere una decisione apparentemente semplice, ma carica di significato. La decisione di schierare i Patriot è un muto riconoscimento che nessun alleato può essere lasciato solo in caso di pericolo, ma soprattutto che la Turchia è fondamentale per l’Alleanza almeno quanto la Nato è fondamentale per il ruolo che Ankara vuole giocare sul piano internazionale.

 

La presenza delle batterie in Turchia apre comunque a potenziali pericoli di escalation. Non è chiaro come dovrebbe o potrebbe rispondere l’Alleanza nel caso una delle sue batterie dovesse essere accidentalmente o volontariamente colpita. La situazione potrebbe peggiorare se ad operare le batterie ci fosse personale straniero o – opzione decisamente più probabile – ci fossero ufficiali statunitensi in qualità di osservatori o addestratori. Ad oggi la Turchia si è dimostrata relativamente fredda e decisa ad evitare una degenerazione del conflitto, nonostante vi siano state numerose occasioni per colpire la Siria, specialmente dopo l’abbattimento del Phantom turco il 22 giugno.