"Storia ed Evoluzione dell'Uniforme Militare"

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l' uniforme della marina cinese sembra copiata ai nostri vigili urbani smile.gif

 

:asd:

 

 

Staff Officer of the NZ Division 1918

Insets: New Zealand Signal Corps (NZ Engineers) cap badge and a blue armlet with a silver fern worn by staff officers with Brigade HQ NZ Division.

Medal: Victory Medal

 

 

Rifleman of the New Zealand Rifle Brigade (NZRB) 1916-18

Insets: Brass NZRB shoulder titles, and soldier with the rank of corporal manning a trench.

Medal: Victory Medal

 

 

RNZAF Bomber Pilot attached to Bomber Command (Royal Air Force), 1943

Insets: Escape compass (concealed in a button), RNZAF Pilot's badge

Medal: New Zealand War Service Medal

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Uniform variations of the Royal Scots, the oldest Infantry Unit in the Commonwealth

 

1633 to 1840

 

1843 to 1880

 

1881 to 1903

 

1910 to 1991

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legionari erano il fulcro dell\' Esercito romano. Ogni fante era dotato di una tunica rossa sopra la quale era tenuta la corazza che poteva essere di cuoio lorica hamata (usata dai legionari impiegati nelle flotte navali) o a piastre lorica segmentata. Attorno alla parte bassa del busto c\'èra il cingulum ossia una cintura. Nell\' armamentario troviamo un gladium una corta ma robusta spada adatta al corpo a corpo tenuta nel fodero sulla destra del legionario, un coltello o daga chiamato pugium tenuto sulla sinistra, ed un pilum ossia una specie di lancia molto maneggevole da usare contro le cariche nemiche. Da non dimenticare lo scudo rettangolare in legno di faggio e rinforzato in ferro (scutum), e l\'elmo (cassis). Ogni legionario aveva inoltre uno \"zaino tattico\" dove portava tutto il suo stretto necessario.

Con la riforma di Diocleziano, il legionario si trasforma nuovamente, e viene dotato di una spatha cioè di una spada lunga adatta a colpire da cavallo, di una lunga lancia detta hasta, di uno scudo tondo, e una cotta di maglia come protezione per il busto. Questo tipo di legionare quindi diventa una sorta di cavaliere addestrato all\'occorrenza anche al combattimento appiedato.

 

COME COMBATTEVA

Il legionario generalmente combatteva spalla a spalla con i suoi compagni cioè uno accanto all\'altro, con lo scudo ben posto davanti a lui, a protezione della parte frontale del corpo, e il gladio/pilum nella mano destra. Il pilum veniva usato contro la cavalleria, o contro le cariche nemiche di fanteria: questo strumento bellico è composto da un\'asta di legno, e di una punta di ferro lunga e sottile, fatta in modo che quando si infilza nello scudo del nemico si storce e non si può più sfilare per essere rilanciata. Quindi il pilum era la prima arma che il legionario usava in battaglia. Lanciato il pilum al nemico, il legionare estraeva il gladio che al contrario di quanto si pensa si trova sulla destra, per non intralciare la mano sinistra che tiene lo scudo. Il gladio era usato come una sorta di pugnale, il legionario quando combatteva faceva dei movimenti con il braccio simili a degli affondi rapidi ma tenendo sempre lo scudo davanti a sé. Nel qual caso perdeva il gladio sulla sinistra dell\'armatura aveva un fodero con un pugnale detto pugium. Lo scudo come arma difensiva era studiato per essere leggero, e resistente, e la sua forma rettangolare allungata per proteggere tutto il busto, in tal modo i legionari disposti uno accanto all\'altro formavano un lungo muro che si contrapponeva alla spinta del nemico. E uno dei motivi che favorì l\'emergere dei legionari fu proprio la contrapposizione di ordine e compattezza al disordine dei barbari.

 

 

 

 

PRETORIANI

 

La guardia Pretoriana viene istituita per la prima volta da Ottaviano nel 27 d.C. su imitazione delle guardie personali dei generali della tarda Repubblica. Sebbene il nome di questa unità era Cohortes Praetoriae cioè Coorti Pretoriane di fatto si trattava di una legione che all\'Epoca di Tiberio aveva non soltanto dieci coorti ma anche un castrum. I Pretoriani erano comandati dal Prefectus Praetorio, di rango equestre. Solitamente entravano a fare parte di questo corpo solo soldati scelti e valorosi oppure ufficiali ma sempre provenienti dalla Provincia Italia. Da semplice guardia all\'Imperatore la Legione Pretoriana diventò anche la guardia di Roma insieme alle Cohortes Urbanae, e negli ultimi anni dell\'Impero \"strumento politico assai persuasivo\". La legione era forte di 5000 uomini divisi in 10 coorti da 500 uomini ciascuna. Ogni coorte era comandata da un tribuno militare. Inoltre uno o due manipoli comandati da un centurione detto Trecenarius formavano la guardia d\'onore dell\'Imperatore ed erano quelli che montavano la guardia a Palazzo. Facevano sempre parte dei Pretoriani gli Equites Singulares, ossia la cavalleria personale dell\'Imperatore creata da Traiano: forti inizialmente di 500 e poi di 1000 uomini erano comandati da un tribuno, ed erano suddivisi in turmae come gli altri cavalieri.

 

Le Coorti Pretoriane furono sciolte da Costantino poiché gli si opposero nella battaglia di Ponte Milvio a Roma durante lo scontro con Massenzio per il controllo dell\'Impero.

La paga annua dei Pretoriani ammontava a 750 denari al tempo di Augusto ma fu portata a 1.000 denari nel I secolo, a 1.500 nel II secolo, a 2.250 nel III secolo d.C.

 

EQVITES

 

La cavalleria aveva svariati compiti ma i principali erano operazioni di fiancheggiamento, azioni di supporto e di esplorazione. Ogni cavaliere era dotato di due spade di una lancia lunga e flessibile di legno, di uno scudo ovale e un\' elmo ed un\' armatura leggera di solito di cuoio o una cotta di maglia, mentre la cavalleria pesante era dotata inoltre una spada lunga per poter meglio colpire i nemici appiedati. La cavalleria prenderà maggiore importanza sopratutto verso la seconda metà del IV secolo d.C. In questo periodo inoltre si trasformerà, passando da una cavalleria leggera a una cavalleria catafratta armata pesantemente e utilizzata per irrompere sulle masse barbare.

 

 

 

 

 

 

L\'equipaggiamento

 

Indossare l\' equipaggiamento del legionario non era una cosa semplicissima e richiedeva un po\' di tempo: appena alzato il legionare indossava la tunica rossa che era di base uguale per tutti anche per i cavalieri e per gli ausiliari, e le caligae, una sorta di sandali con la suola borchiata per evitarne il rapido consumo; questi calzari erano molto comodi e davano anche una notevole stabilità al soldato durante il combattimento appiedato o la marcia proprio grazie alle borchie che evitavano di scivolare sul terreno, sopratutto se bagnato. Sopra la tunica si indossava quindi l\'armatura la lorica che era la parte più pesante, questa si indossa come una sorta di busto, e si chiudeva poi con dei lacci anteriormente (vedi illustrazione a lato) A questo punto si stringeva la cintura o cingulum appesa alla quale veniva posto il pugium una specie di piccolo coltello. A questo punto si prendeva il fodero del gladio che era posto sulla destra, e veniva appeso ad una cinghietta di cuoio che si appoggiava sulla spalla sinistra, e si faceva passare sotto il cingulum per tenerlo fermo. Per ultimo il legionario si legava attorno al collo un ampio fazzoletto rosso arrotolato, (ancora in uso dalle nostre forze armate!) e lasciato con due estremità pendenti.

 

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AVXILIA

 

Gli auxilia erano fanti appiedati armati molto leggermente e utilizzati per azioni di sostegno ed aiuto alla fanteria pesante. Gli ausiliari erano molto rapidi negli spostamenti e nelle operazioni: armati di spade, pilum o fionde, compivano azioni di disturbo e di \"distrazione\", ossia tenevano impegnati i nemici su una parte debole della formazione, oppure semplicemente attaccavano una parte dello schieramento nemico.

 

Esistevano inoltre una serie di truppe ausiliarie che provenivano da svariati punti dell\'Impero e che possedevano delle specialità particolari, come i cavalieri della Numidia, i cavalieri germani, i frombolieri delle Baleari ed altri. Erano comunque truppe extra, che non rientrano nella composizione regolare della legione, eccetto la fanteria leggera, e gli arcieri appiedati. Gli ausiliari non erano cittadini, ma acquistavano l\'ambita cittadinanza romana al termine del servizio militare. Erano raggruppati in diversi modi in base alle loro caratteristiche e comandate sempre da un ufficiale romano: la cavalleria era inquadrata nelle ale equitum comandate da un Praefetus equitum; la fanteria alleata era inquadrata in coorti da cinquecento (cohors quigenaria) o seicento (cohors sexgenaria) uomini, queste coorti erano comandate da un Praefectus cohortis; gli altri ausiliari in genere erano invece inquadrati in numeri ossia unità che conservavano i loro caratteri etnici (costume, armamento, lingua). Nella legione erano sempre presenti degli ausiliari regolari particolari come i ballistarii, ossia gli addetti alle macchine d\'assedio (onagri, balliste, scorpioni, arieti)

 

Balista. A fianco: ausiliario

 

 

 

 

 

SAGITTARII

 

tra i corpi di ausiliari più adoperati. Erano utilizzati per colpire a distanza i fanti nemici, ma anche la cavalleria, e talvolta utilizzavano delle frecce incendiarie, che mettevano in fuga eventuali animali (come elefanti, cavalli...) usati nella battaglia. Gli arcieri oltre all'arco ed alla faretra erano armati con un pugium, una lorica leggera come una cotta di maglia, ed un elmo. Solitamente erano raggruppati in coorti da cinquecento uomini ed erano disposti dietro alla seconda fila di coorti legionarie. Esistevano principalmente tre tipi di arcieri:

- Gli arcieri semplici armati con un arco convenzionale.

 

- Gli arcieri siriani che provenivano dalle Province orientali ed utilizzavano un arco "composito", cioè composto da più materiali sovrapposti (come legno, corno, metallo ed altri), che permetteva quindi una gittata molto più ampia (oltre 300 m).

 

- Gli arcieri a cavallo della Mesopotamia avevano la peculiarità di combattere a cavallo, e di utilizzare archi piccoli facilmente maneggevoli. Principalmente venivano impiegati per contrastare gli attacchi della cavalleria partica. Questi cavalieri erano detti equites sagittarii e al contrario degli altri arcieri erano organizzati in numeri.

 

 

Arcieri siriani

 

LEGATVS LEGIONIS

 

E' colui che comanda e dirige la legione e ne è il diretto responsabile sia nella Vittoria che nella disfatta. Nella Repubblica erano i Consoli stessi a dirigere le legioni, ma talvolta le affidavano ad altri legati. Dal primo Impero in poi le legioni sono condotte da generali scelti direttamente dall'Imperatore.

 

TRIBVNI MILITIVM

 

I Tribuni comandavano la legione assieme al generale ed erano in sette:

 

- Cinque erano solitamente eletti dal popolo ed erano chiamati angusticlaves (facevano parte dell'ordine equestre) ed avevano il comando di due coorti di legionari.

 

- Uno invece era invece di rango senatorio ed era chiamato laticlavius

 

- L' ultimo era il Tribunus Sexmextris chiamato così perché rimaneva in carica per seri mesi circa: egli aveva il comando della cavalleria.

 

Legatus

 

 

PRAEFECTI

 

Ogni legione aveva dei prefetti i quali avevano dei compiti amministrativi e logistici di vario genere quali il controllo delle scorte (Praefectus Anonnae), la gestione dell'accampamento (Praefectus Castrorum), la gestione delle comunicazioni, oltre che il comando di reparti alleati (Praefectus Cohortis), o di ali di cavalleria ausialiaria (Praefectus Alae). Ne esistono anche altri come il Praefectus Dilectator con il compito di controllare e dirigere l'addestramento dei soldati.

CENTVRIONES

 

I centurioni erano i comandanti delle centurie. Essendo queste a loro volta unite a due a due per formare i manipoli avevano due centurioni, di cui uno superior (ossia aveva il comando supremo dell'unità) e uno inferior cioè suo subordinato. Inoltre i centuriones erano distinti priores se erano nella prima linea di coorti o posteriores se stavano nella seconda.

 

Nella legione il centurione più importante era il centurio primipilus, che era il comandate del primo manipolo, della prima coorte; costui era l'unico centurione che partecipava al consiglio di guerra della legione. Nella legione c'erano anche manipoli di ausiliari, anch'essi comandati da centurioni che erano un po diversi dai centurioni legionari.

 

L'armatura era composta da una lorica hamata attaccata a questa c'erano le phalere cioè dei dischi di metallo che ne indicavano le imprese, e i riconoscimenti, paragonabili alle medaglie odierne. Completavano l'armatura dei gambali e un elmo con le "crine a spazzola". Possedeva inoltre un bastone detto baculus che era simbolo di comando e strumento di esercizio e d'autorità.

 

Centurio Auxiliaris. A destra: Centurio Superior Legionaris

 

 

OPTIONES

 

Ai centuriones si affiancavano gli optiones ossia dei legionari con il compito di aiutare il centurione ed eventualmente sostituirlo se necessario. Erano contraddistinti dal fatto che portavano un bastone con in cima un pomolo di legno.

 

 

CORNICIFER

 

Era un legionario con il compito di trasmettere i comandi impartiti dal centurione alle truppe attraverso una strumento musicale detto tuba.

 

Cornicifer

 

 

 

 

SIGNIFERI

 

I signiferi erano coloro che tenevano e avevano cura delle insegne: avevano un'armatura leggera (cotta di maglia o una lorica squamata), e possedevano inoltre uno scudo tondo, e una pelle di animale sopra l'elmo; questa poteva essere di lupo, orso, leone, volpe... oltre che all'Insegna. Tra i signiferi si distinguono l'aquilifer, il portatore dell'Aquila, il vexillifer portatore del vessillo della legione, il signifer portatore dell'insegna della coorte o del manipolo, anche la centuria poteva avere un signifer. La legione solitamente aveva anche un imago che portava un insegna con il volto dell'Imperatore.

 

I signiferi erano scelti fra soldati particolarmente dotati e meritevoli, poiché era un grande prestigio portare l'insegna della propria unità; a seconda del proprio grado anche l'armatura variava e così passiamo dalla semplice cotta di maglia del signifer cohortis alla lorica squamata color oro dell'aquilifer.

 

 

Da sinistra: vexillifer legionis, signifer cohortis, imago.

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Uniforms of the AFC

 

 

Australian Flying Corps (AFC) L1 Pattern tan leather flying jacket.

This maternity style flying jacket has a high-backed soft stand collar and a waist belt. A short buttonholed strap is sewn to the left side of the collar and it can be fastened beneath the wearer's jaw to a pair of buttons on the right side of the collar.

The patch type map pocket on the breast slopes slightly downwards towards the left side. Its simple opening is on the right side. Six concealed brown plastic buttons fasten the front of the jacket on the right side. A large pocket with a flap has been let into the front left panel below the waist belt.

It has orange coloured brass press studs on the flap.

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URSS, Forze di terra, 1941-43

 

 

 

1. Colonel of armored troops

2. Starshiy sergeant of infantry in summer field uniform and battle equipment with Degtyarev (PPD-34) submachinegun.

3. Fighter of workers battalion.

4. Yefreitor of infantry in winter uniform (Red Square parade Nov. 7, 1941)

5. Infantryman in winter camouflage cloak with Mosin rifle mod. 1891/30

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This jacket was worn by Captain (Pilot) Patrick Gordon Taylor, an Australian who served in the Royal Flying Corps (RFC).

In 1915 he was appointed temporary lieutenant in 26 Battalion CMF, replacing a Lieutenant who had joined the AIF.

Keen to be on active service too, but rejected by the AIF, he traveled to England at his own expense to join the RFC.

Commissioned with the rank of Lieutenant on 12 August 1916, he was posted to 66 Squadron, which was equipped with Sopwith Pup scouts, and was awarded the Military Cross in July 1917.

Promoted Captain and served with 94 and 88 Squadrons.

Returned to Australia in 1919.

Note the 3 pips of Captain's rank on the lower sleeves.

 

 

Leather flying helmet as issued to Royal Flying Corps and Australian Flying Corps in the early part of WW1. They were later replaced with a solid crash helmet. Below. Leather flying gloves

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URSS, forze di terra, 1943-45

 

 

 

1. Sergeant of infantry with Simonov antitank rifle and captured German MP40 submachinegun.

2. Yefreitor of medical service in field uniform

3. Soldier from the assault engineer-sapper brigade armed with Shpagin (PPSh-41) submachinegun of second modification.

4. Starshiy Lieutenant of antitank artillery regiment

5. Paratrooper in winter uniform and landing outfit.

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URSS, 1945

 

 

1. Woman traffic-controller.

2. Private of the 4^th Gds. Kuban Cossack Cavalry Corps in winter field uniform.

3. Colonel of infantry in field uniform.

4. Mladshiy Sergeant of infantry in full uniform.

5. The 1^st Ukrainian Front commander, Marshal of the Soviet Union I.S. Konev in full uniform. (Victory Parade, Moscow, June 24, 1945)

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The highest military rank in the Soviet Union was that of Generalissimo. Only Josef Stalin ever held that rank.

 

All other military ranks fall into five categories:

 

· Marshals, generals and admirals.

- Officers

- Warrant Officers

- Naval Cadets

· Sergeants, petty officers, soldiers and sailors.

 

The Minister of Defense, other top personnel of the M.O.D and high-level combined arms field commanders normally hold the rank of Marshal of the Soviet Union. Only combined arms officers can achieve this rank. The equivalent Navy rank is Admiral of the Fleet of the Soviet Union.

 

The armed forces further classify officers as "Senior" or "Junior". The Warrant Officer group includes the ranks of "Praporshchik" for non-naval personnel and "Michman" for naval warrant officers. Sergeants and Petty Officers compromise the NCO ranks, and the term "Soldiers" and "Sailors" refers to the two ranks for privates and seamen.

 

The ground/aviation ranks apply to all ground-based servicemen, including non-seagoing naval personnel, all aviation personnel in the air force, naval aviation, and fighter aviation of air defense. The naval ranks are for shipboard personnel.

 

Officer personnel with the ranks of Major General through Chief Marshal of aviation, artillery, engineer troops, and signal troops and Major General through Colonel General in tank troops carry the designation of the branch as part of their rank,

for example: Chief Marshal of aviation, Marshal of armoured troops, Colonel General of tanks troops (who, upon promotion, would become a Marshal of armoured troops), Lieutenant General of signal troops, and Major General of engineer troops. The same criteria apply to technical troops (chemical, railway, road, motor transport, and units of military topographic service). There is, however, no Chief Marshal or Marshal rank for these troops; for example, Colonel General of technical troops.

 

Likewise, Generals and officers of special services (intendance/quartermaster, administrative, medical, veterinary, and justice) use the special service designation. These special services have no Marshals or Chief Marshals. One refers to a Colonel General of intendance service, a Colonel of medical service, a Major of veterinary service, and a Junior Lieutenant of justice. There are no General officers in the administrative service and no Colonel Generals of veterinary service.

 

Special rank designations also apply to engineer officer ranks of all branches of the armed forces. Officers who complete studies at a higher engineer officer school or a military engineering academy earn the title of engineer, which is combined with the rank; for example, Lieutenant-Engineer, Colonel-Engineer, or Colonel General-Engineer. In the navy, the equivalent ranks would be Lieutenant-Engineer, Captain 2nd rank-engineer, and Admiral-Engineer. Officers with a secondary military technical education use the title technical service combined with the rank; for example, Junior Lieutenant of technical service, Captain of technical service, and Colonel of technical service. There are no General officers of technical service.

 

 

 

 

State Coat of Arms of the USSR (1958-1991 version).

 

 

Guide to Soviet Shoulder Rank Boards

 

The Soviet Military ranking scheme is relatively complex compared to most Western systems for designation of rank. The basis for most Western defense forces is built around a "tri-service" policy - meaning that the defense force for the country is defined in terms of three distinct units - Army, Air Force and Navy. In the US these three separate services are coordinated by the Joint Chief of Staffs to form a unified fighting force ( headed by the President acting as the Commander-in-Chief). The Soviet armed forces are unique in that it is actually compromised of five separate arms of service:

 

· Strategic Rocket Force

· Ground Forces

· Air Force

· Air Defense Force

· Naval Force

 

It should be noted that usually when one refers to the 'Soviet Army', this term embraces all service arms except for the Navy. As such the range of rank boards and epaulettes is more comprehensive than for Western Armies. What also compounds the issue is that there were three main different kind of uniforms for the officers - Parade dress, Everyday dress and Field dress.

Parade dress was worn by officers (out of formation) when they received their promotion to a new rank or when sent to a new post. It is also worn during the presentation of government awards or during parade when the officer is not marching himself. There is also an additional subclass of Parade dress being Parade-Restday. This uniform was worn during major public holidays, official receptions as well as off duty.

Everyday dress (in formation) was worn during combat training and lessons as well as during exercises, and when on general duty. When out of formation it was used for staff duties divisional level or above as well as off duty.

Field dress was intended to be worn during exercises, manoeuvres, combat duties and while undergoing lessons or exercises in training centres.

Because of the three different kinds of uniforms officers had three different styles of rank boards to complement the appropriate uniform. Examples are listed below:

 

 

 

 

 

In certain cases for an officer the service he is in forms part of his rank. For example, the depicted epaulette is for a Lieutenant General of Medical Service.

 

 

 

Officer personnel in the ranks of major general through chief marshal of aviation, artillery, engineer troops, and signal troops and major general through colonel general in tank troops carry the designation of the branch as part of their rank; for example, chief marshal of aviation, marshal of armoured troops, colonel general of tanks troops (who, upon promotion, would become a marshal of armoured troops), lieutenant general of signal troops, and major general of engineer troops. The same criteria apply to technical troops (chemical, railroad, road, motor transport, and units of military topographic service). There is, however, no chief marshal or marshal rank for these troops; for example, colonel general of technical troops.

Likewise, generals and officers of special services (intendance/quartermaster), administrative, medical, veterinary, and justice) use the special service designation. These special services have no marshals or chief marshals. So, one refers to a colonel general of intendance service, a colonel of medical service, a major of veterinary service, and a junior lieutenant of justice. There are, however, no general officers in the administrative service and no colonel generals of veterinary service.

 

 

Special rank designations also apply to engineer officer ranks of all branches of the armed forces. Officers who complete studies at a higher engineer officer school or a military engineering academy earn the title of engineer, which is combined with the rank; for example, lieutenant-engineer, colonel-engineer, or colonel general-engineer. In the navy, the equivalent ranks would be lieutenant-engineer, captain 2^nd rank-engineer, and admiral-engineer. Officers with a secondary military technical education use the title technical service combined with the rank; for example, junior lieutenant of technical service, captain of technical service, and colonel of technical service. There are no general officers of technical service.

Shoulder Board Colouring and lettering

 

NB. Not all troops fell under the direct command of the Ministry of Defense (MOD). Some troops were designated as being under the command of the Interior Ministry (these troops were responsible for the protection of Party members), KGB (internal security) or as Border Troops (responsible for guarding all Soviet borders). This was noted by lettering (in Cyrillic) on their rank boards. Example:

 

 

 

 

Kursant - Officer Cadet

 

Other ranks personnel undergoing training to become an officer were called 'Kursant'. Their rank boards were marked with a 'K' to denote there status as officer trainees. The following ranks of Kursant existed:

 

· Kursant Master Sergeant

· Kursant Senior Sergeant

· Kursant Sergeant

· Kursant Junior Sergeant

· Kursant Corporal

 

NB. It was also possible that when entering the army recruits would be selected for direct officer entry, in which case while undergoing their training they would also become Kursants.

 

 

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Digital Pattern!

 

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URSS

 

 

Da sinistra: Maresciallo/generale Esercito, maresciallo/generale Aviazione, ammiraglio.

 

 

Da sinistra: ufficiale Esercito, ufficiale Aviazione, ufficiale Marina.

 

 

 

Cadetti. Da sinistra: Esercito, Aviazione, Marina.

 

 

Warrant Officer, Marina

Modificato 18 Dicembre 2008 da intruder

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U.S.A.F.

 

 

Canadian Air Force

 

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URSS, anni Trenta/Quaranta

 

 

The M1935 sleeve badges of Marshal of the Soviet Union.

 

The political personnel's sleeve star.

 

The M1943 service shoulder board of Marshal of the Soviet Union.

 

Deputy of Platoon Commander of Armour troops in the tank helmet and combination with the signal flags (1936-1940).

 

The Red Army infantryman with the full field equipment (1936-1941).

 

The Guards submachine-gunner in the steel helmet and shelter-half (1943).

 

The machine-gunner in the camouflaged costume (1944).

 

Marshal of the Soviet Union I. S. Konev in the M1945 dress uniform.

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TAGS through the years World War 2 & later

 

Pair of compressed fibre, standard early WW2 issue, identity discs, one round and one octagonal.

Both are impressed in obverse 'NX70937 J.K. GREER C.E.' and in the reverse 'O 4'.

The round disc has a single hole punched through it and the octagonal disc two holes.

Both are attached to a fine silver chain which is held together in two places with fine cotton thread.

 

Circular brown leather identity disc on 600mm long fine steel chain. Impressed obverse 'R J / REYNOLDS / TEL / PA 2957 / MOSS2A'.

Associated with PA2957 Wireless Telegraphist 1st Class, R J Reynolds, RAN. He enlisted 1942 and was posted to HMAS Melville, early in 1943. He subsequently served in HMAS Tolga (1943-1944) and HMAS Adelaide (1944). Reynolds was seconded, in 1944, to the Coastwatchers (later Australian Intelligence Bureau) as crew aboard HMAS HDML1321.

This motor launch was allocated to Special Operations and operated in insertion, extraction and supply of Commando and GRD intelligence raiding parties. ML1321 also participated in the ill-fated Z Special Force raid to Mushu Island.

 

New Guinea. 6 June 1944. Stainless steel identity discs have replaced fibre discs which are unsuitable in New Guinea's climate. Private L. Matthews of Belmore, NSW, his tools laid around him, stamps out the steel discs for members of his unit, north of Alexishafen.

Note that he is using an axe head as his anvil.

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Australian soldiers

 

WWI

 

WWII

 

Korea

 

Sth Vietnam

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URSS, Seconda Guerra Mondiale

 

 

1. The sleeve badges and collar patch of Marshal of the Soviet Union (1935-1940).

2. The sleeve badges greatcoat collar patch and blouse collar patch of the Komandarm 1st Rank (1935-1940).

3. The collar patch of Komkor of the Artillery (1935 -1940).

4. The collar patch and sleeve star of Army Commissar 1st Rank.

5. The collar patch and sleeve star of Divisional Commissar of the Armour troops.

6. The greatcoat collar patch and sleeve chevrons of Komdiv of the Cavalry.

7. The sleeve star and chevron and collar patch of Marshal of the Soviet Union (1940-1943).

8. The sleeve star and chevron and collar patch of General of the Army (1940- 1943).

9. The M1940/43 generals' cockade.

10. The generals' of Logistics emblem.

11. The collar patch of Major General of the Engineer troops.

12. The collar patch of Colonel General of the Artillery.

13. The collar patch of Lieutenant General.

14. The generals' sleeve star and chevron.

15. The service visor cap of the generals of the Armour troops and Artillery.

16. Major General in the field uniform.

17. The collar patches of the Red Army infantryman.

18. The collar patch of the Squad Leader of the Armour troops.

19. The collar patch of Deputy of Platoon Commander of the NKVD Inner troops.

20. The collar patches of Starshina (sergeant-major) of the Artillery.

21. The blouse collar patch and sleeve chevron of Lieutenant of the Artillery.

22. The greatcoat collar patch and chevron of Captain of the Engineer troops.

23. The chevrons of Major.

24. The chevron and blouse collar patch of Colonel of the Infantry.

25. The collar and collar patch and the sleeve star of Politruk of the Signal or Engineer troops.

26. The collar patch of Junior Politruk of the Border troops.

27. The collar patch of Military Engineer 1st Rank (Artillery).

28. The collar patch of Intendant 2nd Rank.

29. The collar patch of Military Medic 3rd Rank.

30. The collar patch and chevron of Junior Lieutenant of the lnfantry(1941).

31. The collar patch and chevron of Senior Lieutenant of the Armour troops (1940)

32. The collar patch and chevron of Captain of the Artillery (1940).

33. The greatcoat collar patch and chevron of Major of the Engineer troops (1940).

34. The collar patches and chevron of Colonel of the Armour troops (1940).

35. The collar patch of Battalion Commissar of the NKVD Inner troops (1940).

36. The collar patch of Junior Politruk of the NKVD Border troops (1940).

37. The collar patch of Senior Battalion Commissar of the Cavalry (1940).

38. The sleeve star of the Political personnel.

Modificato 19 Dicembre 2008 da intruder

[Blue Sky]

Flight Uniform to a Luftwaffe Major on the Western or Mediterranean front

 

 

Dressed for the relative warm weather of the western front, this major wears a combination of flight gear, service dress and private purchase items as was the fashion of the Luftwaffe elite. First, he wears an exquisite flight weight officer's cap that was designed to roll up. He then has a private purchase leather jacket with rank and branch of service insignia added. Under that he wears his shirt and tie from his service dress.

[Ospite intruder]

URSS, Seconda Guerra Mondiale

 

 

 

1. The specimen of the cloth stars for the folding caps, winter helmets and panamas

2. Deputy of Platoon Commander of the Armour troops in the tank helmet and combination with the signal flags (1936-1940).

3. The Red Army infantryman with the full field equipment (1936-1941).

4. Colonel of the Armour troops in the French tunic (1936-1940).

5. Major of the Kuban Cossack Cavalry in the Tcherkeska.

6. Senior Lieutenant of the Artillery in the summer cotton field uniform for commanding personnel with field equipment (1936-1940).

7. Captain of the NKVD Border troops (from 1941).

8. Starshina of the longtime service of the Signal troops (1936-1940).

9. Politruk of the NKVD troops (1937-1940).

10. The commanders' belt buckle.

11. The leather commanders' field map bag.

12. The tarpaulin and leather commanders field map bag.

13. The wooden holster-shoulderpiece for the Mauser K-96 pistol.

14. The TK pistol holster.

15. The leather palette-map bag.

16. The Nagant revolver holster.

17. The TT pistol holster.

18. The gas mask bag.

19. The tarpaulin breast ammunition bandolier

20. The medical bag.

21. The different ammunition bags for the rifle cartridges.

22. The visor cap of Marshal of the Soviet Union (before 1940).

23. The army (infantry) visor cap.

24. The visor cap of the Technical troops.

25. The visor cap of the Logistics and Medical commanding personnel.

26. The visor cap of the Artillery.

27. The visor cap of the Chemical troops.

28. The visor cap of the Armour troops.

29. The visor cap of the NKVD.

30. The visor cap of the Cavalry.

31. The visor cap of the Border troops.

32. The winter cloth helmet - M1927 Budyonnovka.

33. The M1936 steel helmet in the camouflaged cover.

34. The M1936 steel helmet in the rope net.

35. The M1936 steel helmet with the leather protective lining.

36. The Adrian's steel helmet with the tin red star.

37. The commanders' leather tank helmet.

38. The leather tank helmet (early production).

39. The M1936 steel helmet.

40. The folding cap of the commanders of the Armour troops.

41. The gray panama of the Armour troops.

42. The khaki panama of ground troops.

43. The folding cap of the commanders of the Infantry.

44. The M1940 steel helmet.

Modificato 19 Dicembre 2008 da intruder

[Ospite intruder]

URSS, Seconda Guerra Mondiale

 

 

1. Colonel of the Artillery in the greatcoat and winter cloth helmet.

2. Kombrig of the Armour troops in the greatcoat and visor cap.

3. Divisional Commissar of the Cavalry in the greatcoat.

4. Komandarm 2nd Rank in the French tunic.

5. Brigadier Commissar in the field uniform.

6. Marshal of the Soviet Union S. M. Budyonny in the white summer blouse and white cap.

7. The Red Army infantryman in the summer field uniform with the full field equipment.

8. Gefreiter (private first class) of the Infantry in the winter watch uniform.

9. The specimen of the collar patches of the students of the military colleges and Academy (before 1941).

10. The collar patches of the Starshina of the Infantry, the student of the Kiev Armour school and the pupil of the regimental school of the Engineer troops (1940-1941).

Modificato 19 Dicembre 2008 da intruder

[Blue Sky]

LUFTWAFFE UNIFORMS

 

UVV Gefreiter, part of the Luftwaffe ground units. The sleve shield is the same as other UVV forces, but sewn on the Luftwaffe blue cloth.

 

 

Pilot from UVV (Ukrainian Liberation Army). It is not known if UVV had its own airforce, but Ukrainian volunteers serving in Luwtwaffe would still wear the UVV sleeve shiled.

[Ospite intruder]

URSS, Seconda Guerra Mondiale

 

 

1. Captain in the sheepskin coat and field equipment.

2. The skier-submachine-gunner in the winter camouflage.

3. The Red Armyman in the winter field uniform and felt boots.

4. Politruk of the NKVD troops in the winter field uniform with the Degtyariov's submachine-gun.

5. Junior Lieutenant-the sniper-in the parallel-sewed cotton wool clothes with the Tokarev's semi-automatic rifle.

6. Lieutenant General K. K. Rokossovsky in the greatcoat, high fur hat (Papakha), felt boots (Burkas) with the Mauser pistol wooden holster (1941).

7. Lieutenant General L. A. Govorov in the soldiers' pattern greatcoat and lamb fur flapped hat (1941).

8. The commander of the Armour troops in the winter sheepskin-Lined combination.

9. The military doctor in the M1941 field dress.

10 Guards Major in the summer field uniform (1942).

11. Lieutenant of the antitank Artillery (1942).

12. Sergeant-the submachine gunner-in the M1941 cotton wool-Lined coat.

13. The specimen of the collar patches of the commanding personnel (1941-1943).

14. The field collar patch of Lieutenant General.

15. The stripes for wounds.

16. The Guards breast badge (1942).

[Blue Sky]

Flight Uniform to a Luftwaffe Major on the Western or Mediterranean front 2

 

 

No flight over water would be complete without an inflatable life vest. The major wears and inflatable schwimmweste model 10-30-B2. This was inflated either with a CO2 cartridge built in (near his left hand) or with the manual breathing tube on the chest. The parachute would be put on over the life vest. Pictured behind the Major is an ME-110.

 

 

The back of the pneumatic 10-30-B2 schwimmweste shows how it is strapped on to ensure a snug fit when the pilot has to bail out. It was designed to keep the pilot's head above water until rescue. The pilot and crew would also have inflatable dinghy kits in case they had to ditch as well.

[Blue Sky]

Full Dress Summer uniform to a Leutnant aerial gunner/radio operator and veteran of the Spanish Civil War

 

 

The hat has a removeable top, the tunic has removeable buttons and boards as well as collar tabs that are snapped on so that the tunic may be laundered.

 

 

This Leutnant is standing in a summer field filled with early war aircraft. He wears the full dress summer uniform in white. It is made out of a cotton waffle-weave fabric and unlined. The uniform was finished off with white dress shoes, white shirt and tie. The dress belt and dagger could be added for parade occasions.

 

 

The yellow piping indicates he is in the flight troops or paratroops of the Luftwaffe, but his decorations and badges narrow it down. The aerial gunner/radio operator badge on his left breast and the silver bomber clasp above his left pocket indicate he is a kampfflieger or bomber crewman.

 

 

A close-up view of the cap shows the level of detail and finish in this superior quality officers visor hat. The eagle, wreath and chinstrap are all made of heavy bullion (as opposed to less expensive aluminum stamps). The top was removable and could be exchanged for the blue-grey winter top.

 

 

Above the right breast pocket is a pre-1937 style eagle, the emblem of the Luftwaffe at the time of hostilities in Spain yet worn throughout the Second World War on summer uniforms and flight jackets.

Modificato 19 Dicembre 2008 da Blue Sky

[Ospite intruder]

URSS, Seconda Guerra Mondiale

 

 

 

1. Major in the winter field uniform with the tunic.

2. Colonel in the winter field uniform.

3. Lieutenant General in the summer field uniform.

4. Lieutenant General in the summer undress uniform.

5. The staff officers' collar patch for the dress uniform (1943).

6. The collar embroidering of Marshal of the Soviet Union for the dress uniform (1945).

7. The dress visor cap for the army generals (1945).

8. The dress visor cap for the Marshal of the Soviet Union (1945).

9. The dress visor cap for the generals of the Armour troops and Artillery.

10. Guards captain of the Armour troops at the Victory Parade.

11. Marshal of the Soviet Union I. S. Konev at the Victory Parade.

12. Guards Senior Sergeant of the Cossack Cavalry at the Victory Parade.

13. Colonel General of the Engineer troops in the M1945 dress uniform.

Modificato 19 Dicembre 2008 da intruder